- Females of many insect species, including honeybee queens, can store gametes shed by their mating partners inA) their nests B) the abdominal tract C) the cloaca D) the uterus E) the spermatheca
- Testosterone is synthesized primarily by theA) sperm cells B) hypothalamus C) Leydig cells D) anterior pituitary gland E) seminiferous tubules
- Increasing the temperature of the human scrotum by 2°C (i.e., near the normal body core temperature) and holding it there wouldA) reduce the fertility of the man by impairing the production of gonadal steroid hormones.B) reduce the fertility of the man by impairing spermatogenesis.C) reduce the man's sexual interest.D) increase the fertility of the affected man by enhancing the rate of steroidogenesis.E) have no effect on male reproductive processes.
- One of the evolutionary "enigmas," or unsolved puzzles, of sexual reproduction is thatA) sexual reproduction allows for more rapid population growth than does asexual reproduction.B) only half of the offspring from sexually reproducing females are also females.C) asexual reproduction produces offspring of greater genetic variety.D) sexual reproduction is completed more rapidly than asexual reproduction.E) asexual reproduction is better suited to environments with extremely varying conditions.
- Environmental cues that influence the timing of reproduction generally do so byA) increasing the body temperature.B) providing access to water for external fertilization.C) increasing ambient temperature to that which is comfortable for sex.D) direct effects on gonadal structures.E) direct effects on hormonal control mechanisms.
- Genetic mutations in asexually reproducing organisms lead to more evolutionary change than do genetic mutations in sexually reproducing ones becauseA) asexually reproducing organisms, but not sexually reproducing organisms, pass all mutations on to their offspring.B) asexually reproducing organisms devote more time and energy to the process of reproduction than do sexually reproducing organisms.C) sexually reproducing organisms can produce more offspring in a given time than can sexually reproducing organisms.D) more genetic variation is present in organisms that reproduce asexually than is present in those that reproduce sexually.E) asexually reproducing organisms have more dominant genes than organisms that reproduce sexually.
- Sexual reproductionA) allows animals to conserve resources and reproduce only during optimal conditions.B) can produce diverse phenotypes that may enhance survival of a population in a changing environment.C) yields more numerous offspring more rapidly than is possible with asexual reproduction.D) enables males and females to remain isolated from each other while rapidly colonizing habitats.E) guarantees that both parents will provide care for each offspring.
- Sperm cells are stored within human males in theA) urethra B) prostate C) epididymis D) seminal vesicles E) bulbourethral gland
- An advantage of asexual reproduction is thatA) asexual reproduction allows the species to endure long periods of unstable environmental conditions.B) asexual reproduction enhances genetic variability in the species.C) asexual reproduction enables the species to rapidly colonize habitats that are favorable to that species.D) asexual reproduction produces offspring that respond effectively to new pathogens.E) asexual reproduction allows a species to easily rid itself of harmful mutations.
- Sexual reproduction patterns include the example ofA) fragmentation.B) budding.C) hermaphroditism.D) parthenogenesis.E) fission.
- Asexual reproduction results in greater reproductive success than does sexual reproduction whenA) pathogens are rapidly diversifying.B) a species has accumulated numerous deleterious mutations.C) there is some potential for rapid overpopulation.D) a species is expanding into diverse geographic settings.E) a species is in stable and favorable environments.
- In DNA replication purines always pair with pyrimidines.
- In DNA, Adenine always pairs with ____ , while Guanine always pairs with ____
- The DNA replication process always begins at the end of the DNA molecule and works it way to the other end.
- What is illustrated by the amino acid sequence of the p53 protein in Figure 23.13? A. no significant patterns of sequence similarity B. greater sequence similarity within closely related groups C. greater sequence similarity between distantly related groups D. the gene for p53 protein originated in Homo sapiens
- DNA and RNA contain different sugars, but have the same 4 nitrogen bases.
- A gene has been discovered in a eukaryote that is identical to a gene of a bacterium that the eukaryote normally engulfs and digests. This is probably due to A. vertical evolution. B. horizontal evolution. C. horizontal gene transfer. D. convergent evolution.
- Vertical evolution arises from: Select all that apply. 1. genetic mutations 2. exon shuffling 3. bacterial conjugation 4. gene duplication 5. interspecies exchange of genes
- Esherichia coli and Clostridium acetylbutylicum are reported to be derived from a common ancestor. They have some similar, but not identical gene sequences. What is the best explanation for this difference in genetic coding? A. After the two species diverged, the similar gene sequences evolved through convergent evolution. B. The two species never diverged, but were discovered by two different scientists and given different names. C. After the two species diverged, the genes accumulated random mutations that resulted in similar, but not identical gene sequences. D. The two species are not closely related, but E. coli passed the similar gene sequences to C.acetylbutylicum via horizontal gene transfer.
- T/F Molecular homologies indicate that living species evolved from a common ancestor or interrelated group of common ancestors.