- Which of the following processes results in the offspring of sexual reproduction being genetically different from their parents?A) fertilizationB) protein synthesisC) cytokinesisD) mitosis
- Which statement provides the best evidence that parthenogenesis whiptail lizards evolved from sexually reproducing ancestors?A) some lizards engage in male-like behaviors before their partners ovulateB) the development and then regression of testes prior to sexual maturationC) the observation that all offspring are haploidD) the persistence of a vestigial penis among some of the females
- Where are human sperm produced?A) prostate glandB) vas deferensC) seminiferous tubulesD) epididymis
- Which of the following best describes the cloaca in nonmammalian adult vertebrates?A) it is a specialized sperm-transfer device produced only by malesB) it is a shared pathway for the digestive, excretory, and reproductive systemsC) it is a source of nutrients for developing sperm in the testesD) it is a gland that secretes mucus to lubricate the vaginal opening
- In a species that alternates between sexual and asexual reproduction, under which of the following conditions is sexual production more likely to occur than is asexual reproduction?A) when food is abundantB) when conditions for survival are unfavorableC) when a male and female mate for the first timeD) when finding a mate becomes more difficult
- Which of the following is a similarity between spermatogenesis and oogenesis in vertebrate animals? Both spermatogenesis and oogenesis ______.A) begin at the onset of sexual maturityB) result in the production of four functional haploid cells from one diploid cellC) lead to the production of gametes from germ cells D) generate diploid gametes via meiotic divisions
- Which of the following is the correct order of structures through which sperm pass during an ejaculation?A) epididymis, vas deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethraB) urethra, epididymis, vas deferens, ejaculatory ductC) seminiferous tubules, vas deferens, epididymis, urethraD) epididymis, ejaculatory duct, urethra, vas deferens
- The surgical removal of the seminal vesicles would likely cause _____.A) sterility because sperm would not be producedB) sterility because sperm would not be able to exit the bodyC) the volume of semen to be reducedD) the testes to migrate back into the abdominal cavity
- In the figure, which letter identifies a structure that is ciliated?A) IB) IIC) IIID) IV
- Among humans, which of the following male and female genital structures consist mostly of erectile tissue?A) penis and clitorisB) vas deferens and oviductC) testes and ovariesD) prostate and ovaries
- In the figure, which letter identifies an accessory gland that released its product directly into the urethra?A) IB) IIC) IIID) IV
- Which would most likely happen if the temperature of the human scrotum was increased by 2 degrees C for several weeks? The male would experience __.A) reduced fertility due to impaired production of gonadal steroid hormonesB) reduced fertility due to impaired spermatogenesisC) an increase in the rate of spermatogenesis due to faster chemical reactionsD) an increase in semen volume due to faster chemical reactions
- Which of the following correctly pairs the structure with its product?A) hypothalamus - FSHB) anterior pituitary - LHC) corpus luteum - inhibinD) sertoli cells - progesterone
- An inactivating mutation in the progesterone receptor gene would likely result in ________.A) the absence of secondary sex characteristicsB) the inability of the uterus to support pregnancyC) enlarged and hyperactive uterine endometriumD) the absence of mammary gland development
- Animals that use external fertilization are most likely to reproduce in which of the following areas?A) sand duneB) polar ice sheetC) shallow lakeD) tall grass prairie
- The green anaconda is a nonvenomous snake that lives in the tropical rain forests of South America. While the green anaconda can swim to hunt for food, it primarily lives on dry land. Female green anaconda usually gives birth to 20 to 40 live young in a single litter. Which type of fertilization is likely used by green anaconda and why?A) internal fertilization because they live mostly on dry landB) external fertilization because they hunt in the water C) internal fertilization because they live in a tropical environmentD) external fertilization because they produce large numbers of offspring
- In the figure, which letter identifies the sight of implantation in a normal human pregnancy?A) IB) IIC) IIID) IV
- Egg laying in fruit flies can be triggered (induced) when males deposit their sperm in the spermathecae of the females. What is the selective advantage of induced egg laying for the male flies?A) the males do not have to produce as much spermB) more eggs can be fertilizedC) a male fly's sperm is more likely to be used for fertilizationD) less time and energy is expended by the male
- Females of many insect species, including honeybee queens, can store sperm in which of the following structures?A) nestsB) abdominal tractC) uterusD) spermatheca
- A female lizard is kept isolated in a zoo for five years. Then, to everyone's surprise, she lays four viable eggs that hatch to produce offspring that are genetically identical to her. What type of reproduction most likely occurred?A) sexualB) buddingC) fissionD) parthenogenesis