- For your internship at the local zoo, you have ben assigned to help with the new orangutan-breeding program. Little is known about orangutan reproductive hormones, but hormone feedback cycles are often the same in closely related animals. You have been asked to use your knowledge of the interactions of human reproductive hormones to recommend injections to promote ovulation in a female orangutan when a visiting male arrives for a brief breeding visit. Which of the following hormones would you inject a few days before the male visit if you want to induce ovulation when he arrives?A) estradiolB) progesteroneC) luteinizing hormoneD) follicle-stimulating hormone
- Which statement about human reproduction is correct?A) spermatogenesis and oogenesis are haploid cellsB) in humans, spermatogenesis and oogenesis both function best at normal, core body temperaturesC) a human oocyte only completes meiosis II after fertilizationD) the earliest stages of spermatogenesis occur closest to the lumen of the seminiferous tubules
- Which of the following observations would provide evidence supporting Lamarck's proposed evolutionary mechanism of "inheritance of acquired characteristics"?A) a decrease in tail length in dogs after 20 generations of dogs that had their tails docked (cut off) as puppiesB) an increase in length of a giraffe's neck after trees in the area decreased in heightC) a decrease in the size of the tails of salamanders in a population that immigrated into a cave 20 generations earlierD) an increase in average speed of deer on an island when the amount of food increased
- In male mammals, excretory and reproductive systems share _____.A) the vas deferensB) the urethraC) the seminal vesicle D) the prostate
- In the figure, which letter identifies the corpus luteum?A) IB) IIC) IIID) IV
- The presence of which of the following molecules in the urine indicates that a women is pregnant?A) progesteroneB) estrogenC) follicle-stimulating hormoneD) human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
- Which of the following changes is most likely to occur as an immediate result of an injection of LH into a male mammal?A) a decrease in production of inhibinB) an increase in production of GnRHC) a decrease in production of testosteroneD) an increase in production of testosterone
- Which of the following is most likely influenced by the SRY gene?A) gender identityB) sexual responseC) sexual orientationD) gonad development
- Luteinizing hormone causes Leydig cells to produce which of the following hormones?A) inhibinB) testosteroneC) oxytocinD) progesterone
- Which of the following is most likely to occur as an immediate result of an injection of estradiol in a female mammal?A) follicle will decrease in sizeB) ovulation will occurC) endometrium will decrease in thicknessD) LH production will increase
- For which of the following is the number the same in spermatogenesis and oogenesis in animals?A) the age at which a male or female begins to produce mature gametesB) the number of functional gametes produced by one cell undergoing meiosis in spermatogenesis or oogenesisC) the number of meiotic divisions required to produce each gameteD) the number of eggs and sperm involved in producing one embryo
- Which option correctly lists, in chronologic order, the three phases of the human uterine cycle?A) follicular -> luteal -> secretoryB) menstrual -> proliferative -> secretoryC) follicular -> ovulation -> lutealD) proliferative -> luteal -> ovulation
- Which option correctly lists, in chronologic order, the three phases of the human ovarian cycle?A) follicular phase -> luteal phase -> secretory phaseB) menstruation -> proliferative phase -> secretory phaseC) follicular phase -> ovulation -> luteal phase D) proliferative phase -> luteal phase -> ovulation
- Which of the following can occur after intercourse between a female who has undergone tubal ligation and a male with a normally functioning reproductive tract?A) sperm can reach the oviductB) sperm can fertilize an oocyteC) an embryo can implant in the uterusD) an oocyte can enter the uterus
- Which hormone is released from Sertoli cells and inhibits the release of follicle stimulating hormone?A) inhibinB) luteinizing hormoneC) follicle-stimulating hormoneD) gonadotropin-releasing hormone
- The primary difference between estrous and menstrual cycles is that ____. A) in the absence of pregnancy, the endometrium is reabsorbed in estrous and shed in menstrual cyclesB) behavioral changed during estrous cycles are much less apparent than those of menstrual cyclesC) season and climate have less pronounced effects on estrous cycles than they do on menstrual cyclesD) copulation normally occurs throughout the estrous cycle, whereas in menstrual cycles copulation only occurs during the period surrounding ovulation
- Under which of the following conditions will asexual reproduction be more likely to result in greater reproductive success than sexual reproduction?A) when pathogens are rapidly diversifyingB) when there is some potential for rapid overpopulationC) when a species is expanding into diverse geographic settingsD) when a species is in a stable and favorable environment
- Which of the following is a similarity between a mature human sperm and an ovum that has completed meiosis? Both gametes ____.A) have the same number of chromosomesB) are approximately the same sizeC) have a flagellum that provides motilityD) are produced from puberty until death
- Which of the following processes results in the offspring of sexual reproduction being genetically different from their parents?A) fertilizationB) protein synthesisC) cytokinesisD) mitosis
- In a species that alternates between sexual and asexual reproduction, under which of the following conditions is sexual production more likely to occur than is asexual reproduction?A) when food is abundantB) when conditions for survival are unfavorableC) when a male and female mate for the first timeD) when finding a mate becomes more difficult