- Pelvis and leg bones can still be seen in the skeletal remains of snakes. This is an example of:a. Homologous Structuresb. Vestigial Structuresc. Analogous Structuresd. A and Be. B and Cf. All of the above
- Structures as different as human arms, bat wings, and dolphin flippers contain many of the same bones, which develop from similar embryonic tissues. These structural similarities are an example of ________.a. Homologyb. Convergent evolutionc. The evolution of common structure as a result of common functiond. The evolution of similar appearance as a result of common function
- If one organ is an exaptation of another organ, then these two organs ________.a. Are homologousb. Are undergoing convergent evolutionc. Are found in the same speciesd. Have the same function
- The greatest number of endemic species is expected in environments that are ________.a. Easily reached and ecologically diverseb. On the mainland and show little ecological diversityc. Isolated and ecologically diversed. Easily reached and show little ecological diversity
- Why do animals and plants in India differ greatly from species in nearby southeast Asia?a. The species became separated by convergent evolution.b. The climates of the two regions are similar.c. India is in the process of separating from the rest of Asia.d. India was a separate continent until 45 million years ago.
- What are adaptations?a. Geologic changes over timeb. Rocks containing fossilsc. Inherited characteristics of organisms that enhance their survivald. Descent with modification from a common ancestor
- Which scientist published the hypothesis of "evolution" first?a. Lyellb. Lamarckc. Cuvierd. Huttone. Darwinf. Wallace
- Scientific theories ________.a. Are nearly the same things as hypothesesb. Are supported by, and make sense of, many observationsc. Cannot be tested because the described events occurred only onced. Are predictions of future events
- Fossilized stromatolites _________.a.) Formed around deep-sea vents.b.) Resemble structures formed by bacterial communities that are found today in some shallow marinebays.c.) Provide evidence that plants moved onto land in the company of fungi around 500 million years ago.d.) Contain the first undisputed fossils of eukaryotes.e.) Provide evidence of the first algae.
- Why did Darwin take so long to publish his research?a. Worried of being burned at the stakeb. Wallace already had a theoryc. Worried about a public backlashd. His research was incompletee. His father would be upset
- What does the fossil record indicate about mammals?a. It shows that mammals and birds evolved from the same kind of dinosaur.b. It includes transitional forms with progressively specialized teeth.c. It indicates that mammals and dinosaurs did not overlap in geologic time.d. It includes a series that shows the gradual change of scales into fur.
- Bagworm moth caterpillars feed on evergreens and carry a silken case or bag around with them in which they eventually pupate. Adult female bagworm moths are larval in appearance; they lack the wings and other structures of the adult male and instead retain the appearance of a caterpillar even though they are sexually mature and can lay eggs within the bag. This is a good example of ________.a.) Allometric growthb) Paedomorphosisc.) Parthenogenesisd..) Sympatric speciatione.) Adaptive radiation
- An early consequence of the release of oxygen gas by plant and bacterial photosynthesis was to ________.a. Change the atmosphere from oxidizing to reducingb. Make it easier to maintain reduced moleculesc. Cause iron in ocean water and terrestrial rocks to rust (oxidize)d. Prevent the formation of an ozone layer
- In 2013, researchers constructed a vesicle with replicated RNA. Why was this significant evidence for abiotic origin of life?a. RNA molecules could pass on information to their "daughters."b. RNA molecules were not able to replicate.c. RNA would be used up by protocells.d. RNA is a stable repository.
- Which of the following characteristics are expected in the first animals to have colonized land?I) They were probably herbivoresII) Animals had four appendages.III) Animals had the ability to resist dehydration.IV) Animals had lobe-finned fishes as ancestors.V) Invertebratesa.) III onlyb.) III and Vc.) I, III and Vd.) I, II, III and IV
- What major innovation was associated with defying gravity to facilitate life on land?a.) stemsb.) waxy coveringc.) insect pollinationd.) new sources of food
- What is true about the fossil record? (Select all that Apply)a. The fossil record shows changes in kinds of organisms that lived on earth.b. The fossil record shows that many animals are extinct.c. The fossil record is biased for organisms that had hard shells and skeletons.d. Fossils document how new organisms come from preexisting organisms.
- Which of the following have been demonstrated by scientists studying the origin of life? (Select all that Apply)a. Synthesis of small RNA polymers by ribozymesb. Formation of molecular aggregates with selectively permeable membranesc. Formation of protocells that use DNA to direct the polymerization of amino acidsd. Abiotic synthesis of organic moleculese. The replication of protocells via binary fission
- The first genetic material on Earth was probably ________.a. DNA produced by reverse transcriptase from abiotically produced RNAb. DNA molecules whose information was transcribed to RNA and later translated in polypeptidesc. self-replicating RNA moleculesd. oligopeptides located within protocells
- How do adaptations differ from natural selection?a. Adaptations are intentional learned behaviors meant to help species survive but natural selection happens by chance.b. Adaptations are inherited characteristics beneficial to a species under certain environmental conditions, natural selection is the process by which these inherited traits lead to increased survival and reproduction.c. Adaptation is a physical change that occurs in a species over time to help that species survive. Natural selection is the survival of one species but not another due to environmental factors.d. Adaptions fuel natural selection, without them, species couldn't evolve.