- caution in patients with compromised renal function due to possible magnesium toxicity
- 1. naproxen sodium 200 mg and ibuprofen 200 mg have similar efficacy 2. onset of action is similar, but duration of action is longer for naproxen 3. some patients report one works better than the other
- SCHOLAR: symptoms, characteristics, history, onset, location, aggravating factors, remitting factors
- those who drink >3 drinks per day should avoid self care with analgesics
- fever reduction (antipyretic) and mild-moderate pain relief (analgesic)
- 1. GI symptoms: upset stomach and epigastric pain2. avoid use in renal impairment and heart failure3. GI ulceration, perforation, bleeding: risk factors are previous ulcer disease, using anticoagulants, high dose, long duration, >3 alcohol per day4. increased risk of myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure, hypertension, stroke - worse with high doses and long duration - cardiovascular disease avoid NSAIDs
- 1. prevention: rest, stretch, hydrate, wear appropriate footwear 2. cramps: stretch, massage, hydrate3. RICE: rest, ice, compression, elevation4. heat: alternative if pain is noninflammatory and feels like stiffness in acute low back pain, osteoarthritis -15-20 minutes a day 3-4 times a day - do not apply to inflamed areas or thin skin, broken skin5. acute low back pain: heat, massage, acupuncture, spinal manipulation6. chronic low back pain: exercise, rehab, acupuncture, psychological factors, tai chi, yoga, spinal manipulation
- 1. bisphosphonates2. drugs with antiplatelet properties (SSRIs)3. anticoagulants4. antihypertensives5. alcohol
- fever reduction (antipyretic) and mild-moderate pain relief (analgesic) and have ant-inflammatory action
- 1. aspirin or ASA (Bayer, Ecotrin, St. Joseph)2. Magnesium salicylate (Doan's)
- 1. alcohol2. warfarin - APAP is analgesic of choice despite interaction - limit to occasional use - monitor INR for several weeks if 2-4 grams of APAP is added or discontinued
- 1. doses >4 grams daily2. high hepatotoxic risk -liver disease - other hepatotoxic meds - poor nutrition - >3 alcoholic drinks per day
- 1. ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin)2. Naproxen (Alevel)
- The final form of glucocorticoid is mainly produced in
- β2 adrenoceptors are coupled to the Gs signaling pathway and activate ______ to trigger smooth muscle ______ and ______ mast cell degranulation
- It is useful as a primary treatment but has a very narrow therapeutic window 指的是
- In a comparison of birds and mammals, having four limbs is ________.
- What is the negative feedback mechanism for glucocorticoid release known as?
- signal d'adressage a la matrice du péroxysome
- There are two common mAChR antagonists that are used to treat asthma, which cause bronchodilation and reduce mucus production