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- With much of Europe impacted in some way by the spread ofProtestant ideas, the Roman Catholic Church launched the CatholicReformation, aimed at reforming the church, stopping the spread ofProtestant ideas, and possibly winning back converts.- Assembled members of the clergy met at the Council of Trent in the mid-1500s seeking to reform the Catholic Church and to clearly define church doctrine.- New religious orders were founded and dedicated to the doctrines of theCatholic Church and the newly established reforms.- The Roman Inquisition was given the authority to arrest, imprison, and/orexcommunicate Catholics in an attempt to end heresy.- Groups such as the Society of Jesus (better known as the Jesuits) played asignificant role as missionaries, helping to stop the spread of Protestant ideas and to promote Catholicism across the globe.

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