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- Un virion ne renferme qu'un seul type d'acide nucléique (ADN ou ARN), qui constitue le génome viral. Il ne renferme ni cytoplasme, ni noyau, mais associe de l'acide nucléique et des protéines dans une structure définie et constante, qui possède des éléments de symétrie.- Un virus se reproduit uniquement à partir de son matériel génétique, l'acide nucléique. Il est incapable de croître et de se diviser à l'état libre.- Son génome ne code pas pour la synthèse d'enzymes du métabolisme (seul enzyme impliqué dans la réplication)- Un virus est un parasite absolu de la cellule : il possède l'information nécessaire à la synthèse de ses propres constituants, mais n'a pas les moyens d'exprimer cette information.
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