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10.46 Genetic variability is important for maintaining the ability of a species to adapt to different environments. Therefore, it is important to understand how much geneticvariation there is in an endangered species, as this type of information can be used to design better strategies to help the species from becoming extinct. Listed below are four strategies that have been proposed for detecting a SNP in a known DNA sequence in several hundred individuals from an endangered species. Evaluate them critically, and explain why each is, or is not, a good strategy for this purpose.a. Sacrifice each of the animals or plants in the name of science. Isolate their genomic DNA, prepare libraries from each, and screen for clones containing the sequence. Sequence each clone individually. Then compare the sequences of the different clones.b. Isolate a few cells (e.g., by using a cheek scraping or leaf sampling) from each of the individuals. Prepare DNA from the samples and use the ASO hybridization method.c. Isolate a few cells from each of the individuals. Prepare DNA from each of the samples and then use the yeast two-hybrid system.d. Search the literature to find a restriction enzyme that cleaves the sequence containing the SNP and that cleaves the site when only one SNP allele is present. Use the restriction enzyme to measure the site as an RFLP marker. After isolating a few cells from the individuals, prepare DNA from the cells, digest it with the restriction enzyme, separate it by size using electrophoresis, make a Southern blot, and perform an RFLP analysis.

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