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Politics of the United States
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What did the Supreme Court find in Lemon v. Kurtzman?a. Government assistance to religious institutions must advance religious activities.b. Government programs may advance one particular religion over another.c. The government must avoid excessive entanglement with religion.d. Government aid may be used to purchase prayer books and religious music.e. Government funding may support religious (non-secular) activities.What are Jim Crow laws?a. Laws that established slavery and contract law regulating the slave tradeb. Laws that justified slavery and set specific codes for the behavior of slavesc. Laws that the North enforced in the South during the Reconstruction erad. Laws that were enacted by southern whites in the late nineteenth century to establish segregation policiese. Laws that sought to end segregation by bringing the races into closer contact with one anotherA poll indicating that 92 percent of adults believe an education beyond high school is crucial for success in today's job market represents which of the following types of opinion?a. Consensusb. Divisivec. Elited. Minoritye. Non-opinionThe Twenty-Fourth Amendment, ratified in 1964, did which of the following?a. Banned poll taxes in primary and general elections for national officeb. Empowered the attorney general to register potential votersc. Gave women the right to voted. Banned racial discrimination in the rental and sale of most housinge. Gave state courts the lawful refusal to follow a Supreme Court orderThe basis of freedom of religion is found in which two principles in the Bill of Rights?a. The establishment clause and the general welfare clauseb. The general welfare clause and the supremacy clausec. The supremacy clause and the free exercise claused. The establishment clause and the free exercise clausee. The free exercise clause and the general welfare clauseThe Virginia Plan included which of the following?a. It called for a bicameral legislature.b. It worked to the advantage of the small states.c. It provided for the direct election of the president by the people.d. It settled all of the controversies.e. It called for Supreme Court justices to select the president.The American system, with multiple points at which powers can block action, often leads to which of the following?a. Effective governmentb. Caretaker governmentc. Limited governmentd. Impeachment of government officialse. A call for new electionsThe first draft of the Declaration of Independence was written by whom?a. Benjamin Franklinb. John Lockec. John Adamsd. Thomas Jeffersone. George WashingtonWhich amendment forbade the states from denying any person "equal protection under the law"?a. Tenthb. Twelfthc. Thirteenthd. Fourteenthe. FifteenthWhat are gag orders used to prevent?a. Criminals from testifying against each otherb. Cameras in courtroomsc. Attorneys from raising certain points before juriesd. Restricting the publication of news about trials in progresse. Juror comments after the trialAs interpreted by the U.S. Supreme Court, the establishment clause in the First Amendment means all of the following except which one?a. A state or the federal government cannot allow holidays with a distinct, religious overtone.b. A state or the federal government cannot set up a church.c. A state or the federal government cannot pass laws that aid one religion, aid all religions, or prefer one religion over another.d. A state or the federal government cannot force or influence a person to go to or to remain away from church against his will.e. A state or the federal government cannot force a person to profess a belief or disbelief in any religion.What was the ruling of the U.S. Supreme Court in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (1954)?a. Ethnic minorities have no right to equal treatment by the government.b. Public school segregation based on race violates the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.c. The national government does not have the power to force any type of action on local school boards.d. Separation of races for a reason such as education is not a violation of the Constitution.e. African Americans could not be denied the right to a college education.Which of the following prohibited slavery in the United States?a. Article V of the Constitutionb. Article IV of the Constitutionc. The Fifteenth Amendmentd. The Tenth Amendmente. The Thirteenth AmendmentWhat did the U.S. Supreme Court do in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)?a. It ruled that African Americans are not persons for the purposes of the Constitution.b. It tried to stop the development of legal racial segregation known as Jim Crow laws.c. It stated that schools may not practice any type of racial segregation.d. It agreed that separation based on race is not a violation of the Constitution.e. It ruled that the practice of slavery must cease before the end of the century.What did the USA PATRIOT Act do?a. It gave government increased power over who is allowed to run for office.b. It empowered the president to ban social media sites like Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram in an attempt to maintain public order.c. It expanded the government's ability to tap phones and monitor Internet traffic.d. It extended the requirement that one be a "native-born American" to run for president, to all federal elective offices.e. It created a universal gun owner registration list.Which part of the First Amendment prevents Congress from supporting one religion as the nation's official religion?a. Establishment clauseb. Free exercise clausec. Full faith and credit claused. Impartiality clausee. Elastic clauseWhich of the following is an exception to the exclusionary rule supported by the Supreme Court?a. Probable cause does not need to be established in civil matters.b. Potential death penalty cases may disregard all standard evidence rules.c. Good faith exceptions may be made for officers utilizing the incorrect search warrant form.d. The homes of witnesses to a crime may be searched without a warrant.e. Good intention exceptions may be made for veteran officers in felony matters.What does the exclusionary rule prohibit?a. Arresting officers from serving as a character witness at a hearing or trialb. Detention of a suspect for more than forty-eight hours without the suspect being chargedc. The admission of illegally seized evidence at triald. Juries knowing the possible punishments if the defendant is convictede. None of these actions are prohibited.Where did the phrase "wall of separation between church and state" originate?a. First Amendmentb. Bill of Rightsc. Declaration of Independenced. Thomas Jeffersone. Ben FranklinWhat is the difference between civil liberties and civil rights?a. Civil rights impose limits; civil liberties impose positive obligations on the government.b. Civil liberties sought to protect groups; civil rights protect the interest of the individual.c. Civil rights are unlimited; civil liberties impose negative obligations on the government.d. Civil rights are fluid; civil liberties are much more solid.e. Civil liberties impose limits; civil rights impose positive obligations on the government.
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